Apply the cream in a 3-5 mm thick layer and cover with gauze. Infection with the latter will cause the dressing to turn green with a distinctive smell. It is effective against gram negative bacteria including Pseudomonas. The following are among the more widely used.įlamazine is silver sulfadiazine cream and is applied topically on the burn wound. Many specialist dressings are available, some developed for specific cases, but most designed for their ease of use. These are useful in cooling the burn and relieving pain in the initial stages. Cooling gels such as Burnshield are often used by paramedics. Use of topical creams should be avoided at this stage as these may interfere with subsequent assessment of the burn. Avoid using wet dressings, as heat loss during transfer to hospital can be considerable. Hand burns can be covered with a clear plastic bag so as not to restrict mobility. If cling film is not available then any clean cotton sheet (preferably sterile) can be used. A blanket laid over the top will keep the patient warm. This is especially important on limbs, as later swelling may lead to constriction. It is important to lay this on the wound rather than wrapping the burn. This dressing is pliable, non-adherent, impermeable, acts as a barrier, and is transparent for inspection. The commercially available roll is essentially sterile as long as the first few centimetres are discarded. Polyvinyl chloride film (cling film) is an ideal first aid cover. Opioids may be required initially to control pain, but once first aid measures have been effective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen or co-dydramol taken orally will suffice.Ĭovering the burn-Dressings should cover the burn area and keep the patient warm. Cooling and simply covering the exposed burn will reduce the pain. water.īurnshield is a cooling gel used to cover burn and reduce painĪnalgesia-Exposed nerve endings will cause pain. Chemical burns should be irrigated with copious amounts of water. Cooling large areas of skin can lead to hypothermia, especially in children. Iced water should not be used as intense vasoconstriction can cause burn progression. This also removes noxious agents and reduces pain, and may reduce oedema by stabilising mast cells and histamine release. Immersion or irrigation with running tepid water (15☌) should be continued for up to 20 minutes. This is effective if performed within 20 minutes of the injury. In the case of electrical burns the victim should be disconnected from the source of electricity before first aid is attempted.Ĭooling the burn-Active cooling removes heat and prevents progression of the burn. Tar burns should be cooled with water, but the tar itself should not be removed. Adherent material, such as nylon clothing, should be left on. Clothing can retain heat, even in a scald burn, and should be removed as soon as possible. Rescuers should take care to avoid burn injury to themselves. Flames should be doused with water or smothered with a blanket or by rolling the victim on the ground. Stop the burning process-The heat source should be removed. A superficial scald suitable for management in primary care
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